Written by: Noelle A. Koo (12th grade / Ashburn, VA USA)
Part #1:
Cell culture techniques and technology has been utilized since the 1900's when zoologist Ross Granville Harrison successfully grew animal cells ex-vivo. According to Thermo Fisher Scientific, cell culture is the "removal of cells from an animal or plant and allowing for subsequent growth in a favorable artificial environment. In vitro cell culture experimentation has been used in many research studies pertaining to diagnosis, disease, treatment testing, viral infection, and more. This research paper outlines the current role cell culture technology plays in the diagnosis of human diseases through the analyses of peer-reviewed journal articles between 2000 to 2015. In this article review, two main cell culture techniques and conclusions outlined in the research paper will be analyzed. However, many more techniques can be found within the paper (linked below) for further analysis and review.
A major cell culture technique analyzed from the paper is metabolomics. Metabolomics is the study of chemical processes to determine the extent to which physiology is linked to external factors. Metabolomics allows for not only the identification of biomarkers of pathological conditions and the metabolic pathways that produce these biomarkers but also a quantitative analysis and assessment of metabolites in cells. Metabolites are important in cancer diagnosis and biomarker identification research as change in metabolism detected can lead to the development and advancement of predictive models for cancer detection.
Research Paper citation:
Hudu, S. A., Alshrari, A. S., Syahida, A., & Sekawi, Z. (2016). Cell Culture, Technology: Enhancing the Culture of Diagnosing Human Diseases. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 10(3), DE01–DE5. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/15837.7460
Link to paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4843260/
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